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 Coleman & Zhang

Benjamin Graham


  • Stocks with a PB < 1.5, or a multiplication with the P/E ratio of less than 22.5.

  • A company’s current ratio, usually required to be at least 2:1, ensures that the company has sufficient liquid assets to cover its short-term obligations.

  • Companies that have had a record of continuous profitability for at least the last 7 to 10 years.

  • Companies that have paid dividends continuously for 20 years

  • Current market value must not be more than 120% above book value

  • Long-term debt is usually required to be no more than 110% of net current assets

  • Strategy of choosing to enter the market when the overall market P/E ratio is low

  • Sample group of 10-30 stocks

  • Industry size, in the top 1/3 or 1/4 of the peer group

  • 3% annual growth rate